A family sits on a sofa in a 1990s living room as glowing lines trace signals through the television, microwave, phone and car key.

Original artwork, not a still

The Demon-Haunted World ‧ 1995

Carl Sagan

We live in a society exquisitely dependent on science and technology, in which hardly anyone knows anything about science and technology.

Behind the line

What it means

Our interpretation.

A warning from before smartphones that has aged well: we all rely on engineers and researchers we cannot check, and on devices we cannot explain. Sagan was not mocking the public. He wanted science taught as a candle people can carry, so decisions about technology in a democracy are made by people who understand the stakes. Teachers and campaigners still quote it.

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In context

Spoilers for The Demon-Haunted WorldShow the scene

Sagan returned to this complaint again and again in the 1990s. Wikiquote traces the exact wording to a Spring 1990 essay in the Skeptical Inquirer, 'Why We Need To Understand Science', and a similar remark in a 1994 Hemispheres interview calls the situation a prescription for disaster. The thought gets its fullest treatment in The Demon-Haunted World (1995), where Sagan argues for a public able to think sceptically about science and pseudoscience.

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